In accordance with Article 642 of the TCO, the company may be liquidated on the basis of the value of the deposits. The profit of the company, if any, will not be distributed among the partners until (i) the debts of the partnerships, (ii) the expenses and advance payments of the partners and (iii) the capital contributions have not been repaid. Losses are borne personally by the shareholders if the company`s assets are insufficient to settle the items listed above. The termination or liquidation of the company does not alter or affect the validity of the obligations of the company already contracted vis-à-vis third parties. In other words, the termination or liquidation of a partnership does not invalidate the company`s obligations or otherwise terminate them (for example. B debts that are not due at the time of termination). The Partners remain personally and jointly and severally liable for the performance and/or payment of these obligations. Unless otherwise agreed, all partners have the right to participate in business decisions and the overall management of the company. Conversely, each partner is liable for all acts or omissions of other partners acting «in the ordinary course of the company`s business» (§ 10 of the Partnerships Act). In addition, each partner`s share of net income should be the same regardless of the value of their contributions, unless the partners agree otherwise.
According to Article 623/2 of the TCO, if the share of a partner specified in the ordinary partnership agreement is determined solely for losses or only for profits, that share applies to both the agreed losses and profits. It is only possible for a partner to join forces exclusively for profits, but not for losses, if that partner contributes to its efforts in the partnership. A great advantage of forming an LLP is that its members/associates are not personally liable for debts incurred by the company. In addition, unlike an ordinary partnership, fiduciary duties are generally not owed between the partners. Instead, they are owed by each LLP associate. A partnership agreement contains detailed and practical rules for the partnership and its partners. In general, the agreement: The ordinary partnership is governed by the Turkish Code of Obligations (Türk Borçlar Kanunu). An «appropriate partnership» has no independent legal personality beyond its founders. It can be formed by an oral agreement without a written document. A «joint venture» (which is very popular abroad and is often used by state contractors) is treated as a «full partnership» under Turkish law. According to Turkish law, the simplest type of business association is ordinary partnership, unless otherwise defined by TCC, a company is subject to the ordinary partnership rules set out in TCO. It is governed by the Turkish Code of Obligations (T.C.O.
Art. 620-645). This is a basic type of association that is suitable for both for-profit and non-profit purposes. The legal provisions governing ordinary partnerships may also be applied to other professional associations, in particular no specific provision of the Code is applicable. Similarly, a professional association that does not have the characteristic elements of one of the associations described in TCC is subject to the total cost of ownership provisions for ordinary partnerships. Like a regular partnership, the profits made by the LLP are distributed to the partners who are responsible for paying their personal income tax. Regular partnerships are mainly formed for joint venture projects, as they allow partners to pursue a common goal by carrying out different and separable parts of a project (para. B example, construction, financing, management, etc.) and do not prescribe a commercial enterprise structure. Therefore, it is preferable. On the other hand, the rules of liability of the ordinary company (i.e.
the personal liability of the partners) prevent the parties from engaging in ordinary companies at any time. Although LLPs are a relatively new form of corporate structure in the UK, there have been partnerships with an aspect of limited liability since the Limited Partnerships Act 1907, but they are rarely used today. A limited partnership (LP) is not a registered corporate structure and does not have its own legal status. Unlike companies under the Turkish Commercial Code No. 6102 («TCC»), an ordinary partnership is not a legal entity. As it does not have legal personality, it cannot separate itself from its partners in its relations with third parties. In other words, ordinary partnerships cannot acquire rights and assume obligations themselves separately from their partners. .